Gilashin albarkatun kasa sun fi rikitarwa, amma ana iya raba su zuwa manyan albarkatun kasa da kayan taimako gwargwadon ayyukansu.Babban kayan albarkatun kasa sune babban jikin gilashin kuma suna ƙayyade ainihin kayan jiki da sinadarai na gilashin.Kayan albarkatun kayan taimako suna ba da gilashin kaddarorin musamman kuma suna kawo dacewa ga tsarin samarwa.
1. Babban albarkatun kasa na gilashi
(1) Yashi na Silica ko Borax: Babban abin da ke tattare da yashi na silica ko borax da aka shigar a cikin gilashin shine silicon oxide ko boron oxide, wanda za'a iya narkar da shi a cikin babban jikin gilashin lokacin konewa, wanda ke ƙayyade ainihin kayan gilashin. kuma ana kiranta gilashin silicate ko boron daidai.Gilashin gishiri.
(2) Soda ko Glauber's gishiri: Babban bangaren soda da Glauber's gishiri da aka shigar a cikin gilashin shine sodium oxide, wanda zai iya samar da gishiri mai banƙyama tare da acidic oxides kamar yashi na silica yayin calcination, wanda ke aiki a matsayin juzu'i kuma yana sa gilashin sauƙi. su siffata.Duk da haka, idan abun ciki ya yi girma sosai, ƙimar haɓakar zafin jiki na gilashin zai karu kuma ƙarfin ƙarfi zai ragu.
(3) Limestone, dolomite, feldspar, da dai sauransu: Babban bangaren farar ƙasa da aka gabatar a cikin gilashin shine calcium oxide, wanda ke haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai.
da ƙarfin injin gilashin, amma yawancin abun ciki zai sa gilashin ya rushe kuma ya rage ƙarfin zafi.
Dolomite, a matsayin albarkatun kasa don gabatar da magnesium oxide, zai iya inganta gaskiyar gilashi, rage haɓakar thermal da inganta juriya na ruwa.
Ana amfani da Feldspar azaman albarkatun ƙasa don gabatar da alumina, wanda zai iya sarrafa zafin jiki na narkewa kuma ya inganta karko.Bugu da ƙari, feldspar kuma zai iya samar da potassium oxide don inganta aikin haɓakar zafin jiki na gilashin.
(4) Gilashin gilashi: Gabaɗaya magana, ba duk sabbin kayan da ake amfani da su ba lokacin kera gilashin, amma 15% -30% cullet yana haɗuwa.
2, kayan taimako don gilashi
(1) Wakilin Decolorizing: Najasa a cikin albarkatun ƙasa kamar baƙin ƙarfe oxide zai kawo launi zuwa gilashin.Soda ash, sodium carbonate, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, da dai sauransu ana amfani da su a matsayin wakilai masu lalata launi.Suna bayyana a cikin gilashin don dacewa da launi na asali, don haka gilashin ya zama marar launi.Bugu da ƙari, akwai wakilai masu rage launi waɗanda zasu iya samar da mahadi masu launin haske tare da ƙazanta masu launi.Misali, sodium carbonate na iya yin oxidize da baƙin ƙarfe oxide don samar da baƙin ƙarfe dioxide, wanda ke sa gilashin ya canza daga kore zuwa rawaya.
(2) Wakilin launi: Wasu ƙarfe oxides za a iya narkar da kai tsaye a cikin maganin gilashin don canza launin gilashin.Misali, iron oxide na iya yin gilashin rawaya ko kore, manganese oxide na iya zama purple, cobalt oxide na iya zama shudi, nickel oxide na iya zama launin ruwan kasa, jan karfe da chromium oxide na iya zama kore, da sauransu.
(3) Wakilin mai tacewa: Wakilin bayyanawa zai iya rage dankon gilashin narke, kuma ya sanya kumfa da sinadaran da ke haifar da su cikin sauki don tserewa da bayyanawa.Abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su na bayyanawa sun haɗa da farin arsenic, sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate, gishiri ammonium, manganese dioxide da sauransu.
(4) Opacifier: Opacifier na iya sa gilashi ya zama mai launin fari mai launin fata.Opacifiers da aka fi amfani da su sune cryolite, sodium fluorosilicate, tin phosphide da sauransu.Za su iya samar da ɓangarorin 0.1-1.0μm, waɗanda aka dakatar da su a cikin gilashin don yin gilashin opaque.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-13-2021